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Yii3 - How to start

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Yii3 - How to start

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Tutorials

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3.0

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(draft - all will be retested later) # Intro
 
 
In Yii3 it is not as easy to start as it was with Yii2. You have to install and configure basic things on your own. Yii3 uses the modern approach based on independent packages and dependency injection, but it makes it harder for newcomers. I am here to show all how I did it. Note:
 
- > All the code is available in my new [GitHub repository](https://github.com/rackycz/yii3api). I will be using it as a boiler-plate for my future projects so it should be always up-to-date and working.
 
 
Instead of installing local WAMP- or XAMPP-server I will be using Docker.
 
- Do not forget about a modern IDE like PhpStorm, which comes bundled with all you will ever need. > All the code is available in my new [GitHub repository
 
## PSR Standards by Framework Interoperability Group
 
First of all, learn what [PHP Standards Recommendations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHP_Standard_Recommendation) by [Framework Interoperability Group (FIG)](https://www.php-fig.org/psr) are. It will help you understand why so many "weird" PSR imports are in the Yii3 code. In short: These interfaces help authors of different frameworks to write compatible classes so they can be reused in any other framework following these principles.
 
 
## Dependency injection + container
 
Check [this YouTube video](https://githwww.youtube.com/rackycz/yii3api). I will be using is as a boiler-plate for my future projects so it should be always up to date and working.watch?v=TqMXzEK0nsA) for explanation
 
 
## invoke()
 
The `__invoke()` public method is called when you call the **instance** as a method. (Therefore the constructor was already executed)
 
 
```php
 
$obj = new MyObj(); // Now the __construct() is executed.
 
$obj(); // Now the __invoke() is executed (The instance is needed!)
 
```
 
 
I never used it, but prepared a following example that shows when invoking can be applied:
 
 
```php
 
class MyUpper
 
{
 
    public function __invoke($a) { return $this->go($a); }
 
    public function go($a) { return strtoupper($a); }
 
}
 
$instance = new MyUpper();
 
$array = ['a', 'B', 1, '1'];
 
 
// __invoke is used:
 
var_dump($instance($array[0])); 
 
var_dump(array_map($instance, $array));
 
 
// These do the same without invoking:
 
var_dump(array_map('strtoupper', $array));
 
var_dump(array_map([$instance, 'go'], $array));
 
var_dump(array_map(function($a) use ($instance) { return $instance->go($a); }, ['a','B',1,'1']));
 
```
 
 
## Hash annotations for class attributes
 
PHP 8 introduces annotations like this (not only for class attributes):
 
 
- `#[Column(type: 'primary')]`
 
- `#[Column(type: 'string(255)', nullable: true)]`
 
- `#[Entity(repository: UserRepository::class)]`
 
- `#[ManyToMany(target: Role::class, through: UserRole::class)]`
 
 
They should replace the original DocBlock annotatinos and provide more new functionalities.
 
 
Learn what they mean and how they are used by Yii3. To me this is a brand new topic as well.
 


# Yii3 - How to start
[...]
## Running the demo application

You may be surprised that docker-compose.yml is missing in the root. Instead the "make up" and "make down" commands are prepared.
If you run both basic commands as mentioned in the documentation:
[...]
If you want to modify the data that was returned by the endpoint, just open the action-class `src/Api/IndexAction.php` and add one more element to the returned array.

> You may be missing 'docker compose stop' or 'make stop', because 'make down' removes your containers and drops your DB. In that case you can add it to the Makefile in the root (see below). If you then type 'make help' you will see the new command. 
 
 
```sh
 
ifeq ($(PRIMARY_GOAL),stop)
 
stop: ## Stop the dev environment
 
$(DOCKER_COMPOSE_DEV) stop
 
endif
 
```
 
 
## Adding DB into your project

Your project now does not contain any DB. Let's add MariaDB and Adminer (DB browser) into file docker/dev/compose.yml:
[...]
composer require yiisoft/db-mysql
composer require yiisoft/cache
composer require yiisoft/db-migration --dev
```

To run composer (or any other command inside your dockerized yii3 application) you have 4 options:
- Make:
The best solution is to prepend the composer commands with "make".
[...]
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Version: 3.0
Category: Tutorials
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Written by: rackycz rackycz
Last updated by: rackycz rackycz
Created on: Oct 8, 2025
Last updated: a month ago
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