retrive data from database in the view?

I don’t sure what is the best way to retrive news for example for block in column, and show them…

they must be in the main layout and visible in all pages… so it would be inefficient to retrive them in every controller… whats is the best way in yii to get this news… a widget? a helper?

A widget would be a good idea. Due to its self-contain logic. Then you can put it anyway you want and it will work for you.